Cada vez mais percebo a grandiosidade da animação. E estigo-me ainda mais em pesquisa-la!!!O texto abaixo discorre um pouco sobre o que viria a ser o cinema de animação e de que fontes que ele bebeu para chegar ao que é hoje...
Los inicios de la animación audiovisual: la creación de un lenguaje
Introducción: La construcción del lenguaje del cine de animación
Por, Xavi Ribes
El cine de animación es fruto de un conjunto de innovaciones tecnológicas que parten del taumátropo de John Ayrton Paris, fechado en 1824. La evolución de estos ingenios no ha cesado. En nuestros días, la convergencia digital ha alcanzado, también, el entorno del cine de animación y los desarrollos, en lugar de ser mecánicos son, desde finales del siglo XX, fundamentalmente digitales. Esta evolución imparable de las herramientas ha llevado a establecer procesos productivos concretos, que también han ido cambiando, influidos por diferentes factores, como el mercado o las modas. Pero los condicionantes y las limitaciones de la tecnología de cada momento los han marcado de una forma determinante.
Igualmente, todos estos factores han marcado la forma de narrar de los creadores de animación en las diferentes épocas. Pero si bien es cierto que, generalmente, los cambios tecnológicos en todos los campos del conocimiento tienden a una progresión geométrica, la influencia de la tecnología sobre la evolución del lenguaje de la animación no ha seguido esta progresión. En un primer estadio, la técnica resulto un factor definitorio y podríamos decir que definitivo. Definitorio porque es en estos momentos en los que se configuran y se fundamentan las bases para la correcta codificación del movimiento. Y definitivo porque no ha habido cambios significativos desde entonces ya que la evolución tecnológica posterior ha ofrecido nuevas y mejores herramientas cada vez más sofisticadas, pero ha aportado contadísimos elementos al lenguaje en sí mismo.
En este artículo nos centraremos en esta etapa inicial de agitación semántica, de construcción de significados y de búsqueda de recursos expresivos para el cine de animación, que se extiende desde principios de siglo XX hasta los años 30.Pretendemos aproximarnos al lenguaje expresivo de la animación y describir cómo fue construyéndose. Evidentemente, los animadores no partieron de cero: el cine de imagen real que, tecnológicamente es heredero de las experiencias previas realizadas, precisamente, sobre secuencias animadas, será el referente fundamental para que el cine de animación asiente sus bases expresivas.
Igualmente, veremos cómo otras formas de expresión artístico-cultural, principalmente el comic, pero también la fotografía, el teatro o incluso las imágenes proyectadas por las primitivas "linternas mágicas", tienen su lugar en el establecimiento de los principios que regirán la plasmación del movimiento y la construcción de una semántica de la animación.
Referências de obras para entender a
Igualmente, todos estos factores han marcado la forma de narrar de los creadores de animación en las diferentes épocas. Pero si bien es cierto que, generalmente, los cambios tecnológicos en todos los campos del conocimiento tienden a una progresión geométrica, la influencia de la tecnología sobre la evolución del lenguaje de la animación no ha seguido esta progresión. En un primer estadio, la técnica resulto un factor definitorio y podríamos decir que definitivo. Definitorio porque es en estos momentos en los que se configuran y se fundamentan las bases para la correcta codificación del movimiento. Y definitivo porque no ha habido cambios significativos desde entonces ya que la evolución tecnológica posterior ha ofrecido nuevas y mejores herramientas cada vez más sofisticadas, pero ha aportado contadísimos elementos al lenguaje en sí mismo.
En este artículo nos centraremos en esta etapa inicial de agitación semántica, de construcción de significados y de búsqueda de recursos expresivos para el cine de animación, que se extiende desde principios de siglo XX hasta los años 30.Pretendemos aproximarnos al lenguaje expresivo de la animación y describir cómo fue construyéndose. Evidentemente, los animadores no partieron de cero: el cine de imagen real que, tecnológicamente es heredero de las experiencias previas realizadas, precisamente, sobre secuencias animadas, será el referente fundamental para que el cine de animación asiente sus bases expresivas.
Igualmente, veremos cómo otras formas de expresión artístico-cultural, principalmente el comic, pero también la fotografía, el teatro o incluso las imágenes proyectadas por las primitivas "linternas mágicas", tienen su lugar en el establecimiento de los principios que regirán la plasmación del movimiento y la construcción de una semántica de la animación.
Referências de obras para entender a
magnitude do cinema animado:
Csupo, Gabor (2007) "Un puente hacia Terabithia"
Disney, Walt (1937) "Blancanieves y los siete enanitos".
Jackson, Peter (2003). "El señor de los anillos III: El retorno del rey"
Minkoff , Rob (1999). "Stuart Little"
Pitka, Joe (1996). "Space Jam"
Proyas, Alex (1994) "El cuervo"Sidney, George (1945).
Shimokawa, Oten (1917). "Imokawa Muzuko genkanban no maki"
Thomas, Theodore (1995). "Frank y Ollie: Los magos de Disney". Documental.
Zemeckis, Robert 81988). "Quién engañó a Roger Rabbit"
Fonte:
Portal de la Comunicación InCom-UAB: El portal de los estudios de comunicación, 2001-2007Institut de la Comunicació (InCom-UAB)Edificio N. Campus UAB. 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona)Tlf. (+34) 93.581.40.57 Fax. (+34) 93.581.21.39 portalcom@uab.cat Nota legal
Portal de la Comunicación InCom-UAB: El portal de los estudios de comunicación, 2001-2007Institut de la Comunicació (InCom-UAB)Edificio N. Campus UAB. 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona)Tlf. (+34) 93.581.40.57 Fax. (+34) 93.581.21.39 portalcom@uab.cat Nota legal
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